Précédent

Infection respiratoire aiguë (IRA)

Informations générales

    • Période de surveillance : 2020 - en cours
    • Résolution temporelle : Surveillance hebdomadaire
    • Rythme de publication : les données sont actualisées chaque mercredi
  • Définition des cas :
    Tout patient consultant (ou téléconsultant) pour une infection respiratoire aiguë (IRA), définie par l'apparition brutale de fièvre (ou sensation de fièvre) et de signes respiratoires
  • Données recueillies pour chaque cas : âge, sexe, correspondance avec la définition Sentinelles d'un syndrome grippal, réalisation et résultat d’un test diagnostic pour la Covid-19, la grippe et/ou le VRS,réalisation d’un prélèvement dans le cadre de la surveillance virologique Sentinelles, facteurs de risque de complications, demande d’hospitalisation ou de consultation aux urgences, cas d'IRA suspect de grippe zoonotique et source d'exposition.

Pour visualiser ou télécharger les données Sentinelles, cliquez sur le bouton ci-dessous

Accès aux données

Évolution de la surveillance : Depuis la semaine 2024s26 (début juillet), nous produisons des estimations d'incidence provenant de deux sources de données en médecine générale : Sentinelles et l'entrepôt de données de santé d'IQVIA. L'analyse conjointe de ces données permet de renforcer la précision des estimations au niveau national et régional, tout en limitant leur consolidation d'une semaine à l'autre.

Informations complémentaires

Chaque année, des virus à tropisme respiratoire circulent en France métropolitaine entrainant des infections respiratoires aiguës (IRA). Ces virus sont principalement le SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), les virus grippaux, le virus respiratoire syncytial (VRS), le rhinovirus et le métapneumovirus.

Pour effectuer une surveillance clinique des IRA, les médecins généralistes Sentinelles rapportent tout au long de l’année le nombre de cas d'IRA vus en consultation (ou téléconsultation) ainsi que des informations descriptives sur ces cas (voir tableau ci-dessus).

Durant la saison hivernale (octobre-avril) au cours de laquelle la circulation des virus respiratoires est accrue, une surveillance virologique des IRA est également réalisée par certains médecins généralistes et pédiatres Sentinelles, en complément de la surveillance clinique. Cette surveillance consiste à prélever (prélèvements nasopharyngés ou salivaires) chaque semaine, un échantillon de patients consultant pour une IRA, selon un protocole défini.

L’objectif principal de cette surveillance est de décrire la dynamique spatio-temporelle des épidémies de grippe, de VRS et de Covid-19 en France métropolitaine.

Ses objectifs secondaires sont les suivants :

  • Suivre l’évolution de la fréquence de différents virus respiratoires parmi les patients consultant pour une IRA en soins primaires
  • Caractériser les souches virales circulantes (typage, sous-typage, caractérisations antigéniques et phylogénétiques, résistance aux antiviraux, et étudier l’adéquation des souches vaccinales au regard des souches virales circulantes) ;
  • Estimer les incidences IRA attribuables aux SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19), virus grippaux et VRS ;
  • Estimer l’efficacité des vaccins antigrippaux et des vaccins contre l’infection par le SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) ;

À partir de ces deux surveillances, cliniques et virologiques, il est possible d'estimer le nombre de cas de Covid-19, de grippe et de VRS parmi les cas d'IRA vus en consultation de médecine générale.

Par ailleurs, afin de disposer de données plus précises et robustes notamment aux niveaux régionaux et départementaux, des travaux de recherche et des réflexions sont menées avec le consortium P4DP et avec IQVIA (collectant également des données en médecine générale), pour réaliser une surveillance commune des IRA en médecine générale. Cette mise en commun des données collectées en médecine générale est menée aussi bien dans le cadre de la surveillance clinique que dans le cadre de la surveillance virologique.

Cette surveillance est menée en collaboration avec Santé publique France, le Centre National de Référence Virus des infections respiratoires (Institut Pasteur Paris et Hospices civils de Lyon) et l’Université de Corse Pascal Paoli (UR7310 Bioscope Corse Méditerranée – antenne Corse du réseau Sentinelles).

Pour en savoir plus

Vous pouvez retrouver davantage d’informations sur le réseau Sentinelles sur la page de présentation. Vous trouverez également sur notre site Internet des détails concernant les méthodes statistiques utilisées et les partenariats mis en place.

Publications scientifiques associées à cette maladie
  • Coste J, Delpierre C, Richard JB, Alleaume C, Gallay A, Tebeka S, Lemogne C, Robineau O, Steichen O, Makovski TT. Prevalence of long COVID in the general adult population according to different definitions and sociodemographic and infection characteristics. A nationwide random sampling survey in France in autumn 2022. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2024. 30(7):924-929 PubMed 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.03.020
  • Delory T, Le Bel J, Métras R, Guerrisi C, Suhanda IE, Bouvet E, Lariven S, Jeanmougin P. Computerized Decision Support Systems Informing Community-Acquired Pneumonia Surveillance, France, 2017-2023. Emerg Infect Dis. 2024. 30(11):2404-2408 PubMed PMC 10.3201/eid3011.240072
  • Etienne C, Vilcu AM, Finet F, Chawki S, Blanchon T, Steichen O, Hanslik T. Incidence of serious respiratory tract infections and associated characteristics in a population exposed to immunosuppressive therapies: a register-based population study. BMC Infect Dis. 2024. 24(1):1184 PubMed PMC 10.1186/s12879-024-10039-2
  • Laniece Delaunay C, Mazagatos C, Martínez-Baz I, Túri G, Goerlitz L, Domegan L, Meijer A, Rodrigues AP, Sève N, Ilic M, Latorre-Margalef N, Lazar M, Maurel M, Melo A, Andreu Ivorra B, Casado I, Horváth JK, Buda S, Bennett C, de Lange M, Guiomar R, Enouf V, Mlinaric I, Samuelsson Hagey T, Dinu S, Rumayor M, Castilla J, Oroszi B, Dürrwald R, O'Donnell J, Hooiveld M, Gomez V, Falchi A, Kurecic Filipovic S, Dillner L, Popescu R, Bacci S, Kaczmarek M, Kissling E, VEBIS Primary Care Vaccine Effectiveness Group. COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness in Autumn and Winter 2022 to 2023 Among Older Europeans. JAMA Netw Open. 2024. 7(7):e2419258 PubMed PMC 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.19258
  • Pouquet M, Decarreaux D, Di Domenico L, Sabbatini CE, Prévot-Monsacre P, Fourié T, Villarroel PMS, Priet S, Blanché H, Sebaoun JM, Deleuze JF, Turbelin C, Rossignol L, Werner A, Kochert F, Grosgogeat B, Rabiega P, Laupie J, Abraham N, Noël H, van der Werf S, Colizza V, Carrat F, Charrel R, de Lamballerie X, Blanchon T, Falchi A. SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence and associated factors among primary healthcare workers in France after the third COVID-19 wave. Sci Rep. 2024. 14(1):5418 PubMed PMC 10.1038/s41598-024-55477-9
  • Rech JS, Cohen A, Bartolucci P, Santin A, Chantalat Auger C, Affo L, Le Jeune S, Arlet JB, Boëlle PY, Steichen O. Shift in emergency department utilization by frequent attendees with sickle cell disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multicentre cohort study. Br J Haematol. 2024. 205(2):463-472 PubMed 10.1111/bjh.19556
  • Tebeka S, Coste J, Makovski TT, Alleaume C, Delpierre C, Gallay A, Pignon B, Gouraud C, Ouazana Vedrines C, Pitron V, Robineau O, Steichen O, Lemogne C. Dissecting the association between long COVID and depressive symptoms in a nationally representative population from France. J Psychosom Res. 2024. 187:111961 PubMed 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111961
  • de Meijere G, Valdano E, Castellano C, Debin M, Kengne-Kuetche C, Turbelin C, Noël H, Weitz JS, Paolotti D, Hermans L, Hens N, Colizza V. Attitudes towards booster, testing and isolation, and their impact on COVID-19 response in winter 2022/2023 in France, Belgium, and Italy: a cross-sectional survey and modelling study. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2023. 28:100614 PubMed PMC 10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100614
  • Greffe S, Guerrisi C, Souty C, Vilcu AM, Hayem G, Costantino F, Padovano I, Bourgault I, Trad S, Ponsoye M, Vilaine E, Debin M, Turbelin C, Blanchon T, Hanslik T. Influenza-like illness in individuals treated with immunosuppressants, biologics, and/or systemic corticosteroids for autoimmune or chronic inflammatory disease: A crowdsourced cohort study, France, 2017-2018. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2023. 17(6):e13148 PubMed 10.1111/irv.13148
  • Kissling E, Maurel M, Emborg HD, Whitaker H, McMenamin J, Howard J, Trebbien R, Watson C, Findlay B, Pozo F, Bolt Botnen A, Harvey C, Rose A, European IVE group, Members of the European IVE group. Interim 2022/23 influenza vaccine effectiveness: six European studies, October 2022 to January 2023. Euro Surveill. 2023. 28(21) PubMed PMC 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.21.2300116
  • Kissling E, Pozo F, Martínez-Baz I, Buda S, Vilcu AM, Domegan L, Mazagatos C, Dijkstra F, Latorre-Margalef N, Kurečić Filipović S, Machado A, Lazar M, Casado I, Dürrwald R, van der Werf S, O'Donnell J, Linares Dopido JA, Meijer A, Riess M, Višekruna Vučina V, Rodrigues AP, Mihai ME, Castilla J, Goerlitz L, Falchi A, Connell J, Castrillejo D, Hooiveld M, Carnahan A, Ilić M, Guiomar R, Ivanciuc A, Maurel M, Omokanye A, Valenciano M, I-MOVE study team. Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza A subtypes in Europe: Results from the 2021-2022 I-MOVE primary care multicentre study. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2023. 17(1):e13069 PubMed PMC 10.1111/irv.13069
  • Bonnet C, Masse S, Benamar H, Vilcu AM, Swital M, Hanslik T, van der Werf S, Duval X, Carrat F, Falchi A, Blanchon T. Is the Alpha Variant of SARS-CoV-2 Associated with a Higher Viral Load than the Historical Strain in Saliva Samples in Patients with Mild to Moderate Symptoms? Life (Basel). 2022. 12(2) PubMed HAL PMC 10.3390/life12020163
  • Decarreaux D, Pouquet M, Souty C, Vilcu AM, Prévot-Monsacre P, Fourié T, Villarroel PMS, Priet S, Blanché H, Sebaoun JM, Deleuze JF, Turbelin C, Werner A, Kochert F, Grosgogeat B, Rabiega P, Laupie J, Abraham N, Guerrisi C, Noël H, Van der Werf S, Carrat F, Hanslik T, Charrel R, De Lamballerie X, Blanchon T, Falchi A. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibodies and Factors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 IgG Neutralizing Activity among Primary Health Care Workers 6 Months after Vaccination Rollout in France. Viruses. 2022. 14(5) PubMed HAL PMC 10.3390/v14050957
  • Decarreaux D, Sevila J, Masse S, Capai L, Fourié T, Saba Villarroel PM, Amroun A, Nurtop E, Vareille M, Pouquet M, Blanchon T, de Lamballerie X, Charrel R, Falchi A. A Cross-Sectional Study of Exposure Factors Associated with Seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies during the Second Epidemic Wave among a Sample of the University of Corsica (France). Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022. 19(4) PubMed HAL PMC 10.3390/ijerph19041953
  • Decarreaux D, Sevila J, Masse S, Capai L, Fourié T, Villarroel PMS, Amroun A, Nurtop E, Vareille M, Blanchon T, de Lamballerie X, Charrel R, Falchi A. Eight Months of Serological Follow-Up of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in France: A Study among an Adult Population. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022. 19(22) PubMed PMC 10.3390/ijerph192215257
  • Liard R, Souty C, Guerrisi C, Colizza V, Hanslik T, Kengne Kuetche C, Turbelin C, Blanchon T, Debin M. Seasonal influenza vaccination in pharmacy in France: description and determinants of the vaccinated at-risk population using this service, 1 year after implementation. Int J Pharm Pract. 2022. 30(3):253-260 PubMed HAL 10.1093/ijpp/riac007
  • Lombardi Y, Azoyan L, Szychowiak P, Bellamine A, Lemaitre G, Bernaux M, Daniel C, Leblanc J, Riller Q, Steichen O, AP-HP/Universities/INSERM COVID-19 Research Collaboration AP-HP COVID CDR Initiative.. External validation of prognostic scores for COVID-19: a multicenter cohort study of patients hospitalized in Greater Paris University Hospitals. Intensive Care Med. 2021. 47(12):1426-1439 PubMed
  • Masse S, Bonnet C, Vilcu AM, Benamar H, Swital M, van der Werf S, Carrat F, Hanslik T, Blanchon T, Falchi A. Are Posterior Oropharyngeal Saliva Specimens an Acceptable Alternative to Nasopharyngeal Sampling for the Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in Primary-Care Settings? Viruses. 2021. 13(5) PubMed HAL 10.3390/v13050761
  • Paternoster M, Masse S, van der Werf S, Lina B, Levy-Bruhl D, Villechenaud N, Valette M, Behillil S, Bernard-Stoecklin S, Guerrisi C, Blanchon T, Falchi A, Hanslik T, Turbelin C, Souty C. Estimation of influenza-attributable burden in primary care from season 2014/2015 to 2018/2019, France. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021. 40(6):1263-1269 PubMed HAL 10.1007/s10096-021-04161-1
  • Pullano G, Di Domenico L, Sabbatini CE, Valdano E, Turbelin C, Debin M, Guerrisi C, Kengne-Kuetche C, Souty C, Hanslik T, Blanchon T, Boëlle PY, Figoni J, Vaux S, Campèse C, Bernard-Stoecklin S, Colizza V. Underdetection of cases of COVID-19 in France threatens epidemic control. Nature. 2021. 590(7844):134-139 PubMed HAL 10.1038/s41586-020-03095-6
  • Souty C, Guerrisi C, Masse S, Lina B, van der Werf S, Bernard-Stoecklin S, Turbelin C, Falchi A, Hanslik T, Blanchon T. Impact of the lockdown on the burden of COVID-19 in outpatient care in France, spring 2020. Infect Dis (Lond). 2021. 53(5):376-381 PubMed HAL 10.1080/23744235.2021.1880024
  • Boëlle PY, Souty C, Launay T, Guerrisi C, Turbelin C, Behillil S, Enouf V, Poletto C, Lina B, van der Werf S, Lévy-Bruhl D, Colizza V, Hanslik T, Blanchon T. Excess cases of influenza-like illnesses synchronous with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic, France, March 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020. 25(14) PubMed HAL PMC 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000326
  • Hanslik T, Flahault A. [Preventing Covid-19 after lockdown: For a rapid comeback to "life before"]. Rev Med Interne. 2020. 41(6):358-359 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1016/j.revmed.2020.05.004
  • Masse S, Capai L, Villechenaud N, Blanchon T, Charrel R, Falchi A. Epidemiology and Clinical Symptoms Related to Seasonal Coronavirus Identified in Patients with Acute Respiratory Infections Consulting in Primary Care over Six Influenza Seasons (2014-2020) in France. Viruses. 2020. 12(6) PubMed HAL PMC 10.3390/v12060630
  • Rose A, Kissling E, Emborg HD, Larrauri A, McMenamin J, Pozo F, Trebbien R, Mazagatos C, Whitaker H, Valenciano M, European IVE group.. Interim 2019/20 influenza vaccine effectiveness: six European studies, September 2019 to January 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020. 25(10) PubMed HAL PMC 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2000153
  • Domenech de Cellès M, Arduin H, Lévy-Bruhl D, Georges S, Souty C, Guillemot D, Watier L, Opatowski L. Unraveling the seasonal epidemiology of pneumococcus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019. 116(5):1802-1807 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1073/pnas.1812388116
  • Guerrisi C, Ecollan M, Souty C, Rossignol L, Turbelin C, Debin M, Goronflot T, Boëlle PY, Hanslik T, Colizza V, Blanchon T. Factors associated with influenza-like-illness: a crowdsourced cohort study from 2012/13 to 2017/18. BMC Public Health. 2019. 19(1):879 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1186/s12889-019-7174-6
  • Kalimeri K, Delfino M, Cattuto C, Perrotta D, Colizza V, Guerrisi C, Turbelin C, Duggan J, Edmunds J, Obi C, Pebody R, Franco AO, Moreno Y, Meloni S, Koppeschaar C, Kjelsø C, Mexia R, Paolotti D. Unsupervised extraction of epidemic syndromes from participatory influenza surveillance self-reported symptoms. PLoS Comput Biol. 2019. 15(4):e1006173 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006173 Lien
  • Kissling E, Pozo F, Buda S, Vilcu AM, Gherasim A, Brytting M, Domegan L, Gómez V, Meijer A, Lazar M, Vučina VV, Dürrwald R, van der Werf S, Larrauri A, Enkirch T, O'Donnell J, Guiomar R, Hooiveld M, Petrović G, Stoian E, Penttinen P, Valenciano M, I-Move Primary Care Study Team. Low 2018/19 vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H3N2) among 15-64-year-olds in Europe: exploration by birth cohort. Euro Surveill. 2019. 24(48) PubMed HAL PMC 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.48.1900604
  • Kissling E, Pozo F, Buda S, Vilcu AM, Rizzo C, Gherasim A, Horváth JK, Brytting M, Domegan L, Meijer A, Paradowska-Stankiewicz I, Machado A, Vučina VV, Lazar M, Johansen K, Dürrwald R, van der Werf S, Bella A, Larrauri A, Ferenczi A, Zakikhany K, O'Donnell J, Dijkstra F, Bogusz J, Guiomar R, Filipović SK, Pitigoi D, Penttinen P, Valenciano M, I-MOVE/I-MOVE+ study team.. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine against influenza A in Europe in seasons of different A(H1N1)pdm09 and the same A(H3N2) vaccine components (2016-17 and 2017-18). Vaccine X. 2019. 3:100042 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1016/j.jvacx.2019.100042
  • Kissling E, Rose A, Emborg HD, Gherasim A, Pebody R, Pozo F, Trebbien R, Mazagatos C, Whitaker H, Valenciano M, European Ive Group. Interim 2018/19 influenza vaccine effectiveness: six European studies, October 2018 to January 2019. Euro Surveill. 2019. 24(8) PubMed HAL PMC 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.1900121 Lien
  • Polyakov P, Souty C, Böelle PY, Breban R. Classification of Spatiotemporal Data for Epidemic Alert Systems: Monitoring Influenza-Like Illness in France. Am J Epidemiol. 2019. 188(4):724-733 PubMed HAL 10.1093/aje/kwy254
  • Souty C, Amoros P, Falchi A, Capai L, Bonmarin I, van der Werf S, Masse S, Turbelin C, Rossignol L, Vilcu AM, Lévy-Bruhl D, Lina B, Minodier L, Dorléans Y, Guerrisi C, Hanslik T, Blanchon T. Influenza epidemics observed in primary care from 1984 to 2017 in France: A decrease in epidemic size over time. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2019. 13(2):148-157 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1111/irv.12620 PDF
  • Souty C, Masse S, Valette M, Behillil S, Bonmarin I, Pino C, Turbelin C, Capai L, Vilcu AM, Lina B, van der Werf S, Blanchon T, Falchi A, Hanslik T. Baseline characteristics and clinical symptoms related to respiratory viruses identified among patients presenting with influenza-like illness in primary care. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019. 25(9):1147-1153 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.01.014
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  • Ariza M, Guerrisi C, Souty C, Rossignol L, Turbelin C, Hanslik T, Colizza V, Blanchon T. Healthcare-seeking behaviour in case of influenza-like illness in the French general population and factors associated with a GP consultation: an observational prospective study. BJGP Open. 2018. 1(4):bjgpopen17X101253 PubMed HAL PMC 10.3399/bjgpopen17X101253
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  • Minodier L, Masse S, Capai L, Blanchon T, Ceccaldi PE, van der Werf S, Hanslik T, Charrel NR, Falchi A. Risk factors for seasonal influenza virus detection in stools of patients consulting in general practice for acute respiratory infections in France, 2014-2016. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2017. PubMed HAL PMC 10.1111/irv.12523
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  • Souty C, Vilcu AM, Capai L, van der Werf S, Valette M, Blanchon T, Lina B, Behillil S, Hanslik T, Falchi A. Early estimates of 2016/17 seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness in primary care in France. J Clin Virol. 2017. 95:1-4 PubMed HAL 10.1016/j.jcv.2017.08.002
  • Guerrisi C, Turbelin C, Blanchon T, Hanslik T, Bonmarin I, Levy-Bruhl D, Perrotta D, Paolotti D, Smallenburg R, Koppeschaar C, Franco AO, Mexia R, Edmunds WJ, Sile B, Pebody R, van Straten E, Meloni S, Moreno Y, Duggan J, Kjelsø C, Colizza V. Participatory Syndromic Surveillance of Influenza in Europe. J Infect Dis. 2016. 214(suppl 4):S386-S392 PubMed 10.1093/infdis/jiw280
  • Loubet P, Guerrisi C, Turbelin C, Blondel B, Launay O, Bardou M, Blanchon T, Bonmarin I, Goffinet F, Ancel PY, Colizza V, Hanslik T, Kernéis S. First nationwide web-based surveillance system for influenza-like illness in pregnant women: participation and representativeness of the French G-GrippeNet cohort. BMC Public Health. 2016. 16(1):253 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1186/s12889-016-2899-y
  • Loubet P, Guerrisi C, Turbelin C, Blondel B, Launay O, Bardou M, Goffinet F, Colizza V, Hanslik T, Kernéis S, GGNET study group. Influenza during pregnancy: Incidence, vaccination coverage and attitudes toward vaccination in the French web-based cohort G-GrippeNet. Vaccine. 2016. 34(20):2390-6 PubMed 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.03.034
  • Masse S, Minodier L, Heuze G, Blanchon T, Capai L, Falchi A. Influenza-like illness outbreaks in nursing homes in Corsica, France, 2014-2015: epidemiological and molecular characterization. Springerplus. 2016. 5(1):1338 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1186/s40064-016-2957-z
  • Souty C, Boëlle PY. Improving incidence estimation in practice-based sentinel surveillance networks using spatial variation in general practitioner density. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2016. 16(1):156 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1186/s12874-016-0260-x Lien
  • Spiga R, Batton-Hubert M, Sarazin M. Predicting Fluctuating Rates of Hospitalizations in Relation to Influenza Epidemics and Meteorological Factors. PLoS One. 2016. 11(6):e0157492 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1371/journal.pone.0157492
  • Blanchon T, Geffrier F, Turbelin C, Daviaud I, Laouénan C, Duval X, Lambert B, Hanslik T, Mosnier A, Leport C. Use of neuraminidase inhibitors in primary health care during pandemic and seasonal influenza between 2009 and 2013. Antivir Ther. 2015. 20(7):753-61 PubMed HAL PMC 10.3851/IMP2945
  • Minodier L, Charrel RN, Ceccaldi PE, van der Werf S, Blanchon T, Hanslik T, Falchi A. Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with influenza, clinical significance, and pathophysiology of human influenza viruses in faecal samples: what do we know? Virol J. 2015. 12(1):215 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1186/s12985-015-0448-4
  • Souty C, Blanchon T, Bonmarin I, Lévy-Bruhl D, Behillil S, Enouf V, Valette M, Bouscambert M, Turbelin C, Capai L, Roussel V, Hanslik T, Falchi A. Early estimates of 2014/15 seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing influenza-like illness in general practice using the screening method in France. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2015. 11(7):1621-5 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1080/21645515.2015.1046661
  • Bajardi P, Vespignani A, Funk S, Eames KT, Edmunds WJ, Turbelin C, Debin M, Colizza V, Smallenburg R, Koppeschaar CE, Franco AO, Faustino V, Carnahan A, Rehn M, Paolotti D. Determinants of follow-up participation in the internet-based European influenza surveillance platform influenzanet. J Med Internet Res. 2014. 16(3):e78 PubMed HAL PMC 10.2196/jmir.3010
  • Cantarelli P, Debin M, Turbelin C, Poletto C, Blanchon T, Falchi A, Hanslik T, Bonmarin I, Levy-Bruhl D, Micheletti A, Paolotti D, Vespignani A, Edmunds J, Eames K, Smallenburg R, Koppeschaar C, Franco AO, Faustino V, Carnahan A, Rehn M, Colizza V. The representativeness of a European multi-center network for influenza-like-illness participatory surveillance. BMC Public Health. 2014. 14(1):984 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1186/1471-2458-14-984
  • Debin M, Colizza V, Blanchon T, Hanslik T, Turbelin C, Falchi A. Effectiveness of 2012-2013 influenza vaccine against influenza-like illness in general population: estimation in a French web-based cohort. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014. 10(3):536-43 PubMed HAL PMC 10.4161/hv.27439
  • Fantoni A, Arena C, Corrias L, Salez N, de Lamballerie X, Amoros JP, Blanchon T, Varesi L, Falchi A. Genetic drift of influenza A(H3N2) viruses during two consecutive seasons in 2011-2013 in Corsica, France. J Med Virol. 2014. 86(4):585-91 PubMed 10.1002/jmv.23745
  • Minodier L, Arena C, Heuze G, Ruello M, Amoros JP, Souty C, Varesi L, Falchi A. Epidemiology and Viral Etiology of the Influenza-Like Illness in Corsica during the 2012-2013 Winter: An Analysis of Several Sentinel Surveillance Systems. PLoS One. 2014. 9(6):e100388 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1371/journal.pone.0100388
  • Minodier L, Blanchon T, Souty C, Turbelin C, Leccia F, Varesi L, Falchi A. Influenza vaccine effectiveness: best practice and current limitations of the screening method and their implications for the clinic. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2014. 13(8):1039-48 PubMed 10.1586/14760584.2014.930666
  • Paolotti D, Carnahan A, Colizza V, Eames K, Edmunds J, Gomes G, Koppeschaar C, Rehn M, Smallenburg R, Turbelin C, Van Noort S, Vespignani A. Web-based participatory surveillance of infectious diseases: the Influenzanet participatory surveillance experience. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2014. 20(1):17-21 PubMed PMC 10.1111/1469-0691.12477
  • Souty C, Turbelin C, Blanchon T, Hanslik T, Le Strat Y, Boelle PY. Improving disease incidence estimates in primary care surveillance systems. Popul Health Metrics. 2014. 12(1):19 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1186/s12963-014-0019-8 Lien
  • Debin M, Souty C, Turbelin C, Blanchon T, Boëlle PY, Hanslik T, Hejblum G, Le Strat Y, Quintus F, Falchi A. Determination of French influenza outbreaks periods between 1985 and 2011 through a web-based Delphi method. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2013. 13(1):138 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1186/1472-6947-13-138
  • Debin M, Turbelin C, Blanchon T, Bonmarin I, Falchi A, Hanslik T, Levy-Bruhl D, Poletto C, Colizza V. Evaluating the feasibility and participants' representativeness of an online nationwide surveillance system for influenza in france. PLoS One. 2013. 8(9):e73675 PubMed HAL PMC 10.1371/journal.pone.0073675
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